Call by value \/ Pass by Value<\/li>

Call by Reference \/ Pass by Reference<\/li>

Call by Address \/ Pass by Address<\/li><\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Call by value \/ Pass by value<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
In this type value is passed in function’s argument and operation is done on formal argument.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Any change made in formal argument<\/a> does not effect the actual argument.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Q. Write a program to represent call by value for swapping of two variables.<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
#include<iostream.h>\n#include<conio.h>\nvoid swap(int,int);\nvoid main() \n{\nclrscr();\nint a,b;\na=10;\nb=20;\ncout<<\u201dBefore swapping a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\nswap(a,b);\ncout<<\u201d\\nAfter swapping in main a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\ngetch();\n}\nvoid swap(int x,int y)\n{\nint z;\nz=x;\nx=y;\ny=z;\ncout<<\u201d\\n After swapping in function a=\u201d<<x<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<y;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n Output<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nBefore swapping a=10 b=20<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in function a= 20 b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in main a=10 b=20<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\nOR (Run time)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n#include<iostream.h>\n#include<conio.h>\nvoid swap(int,int);\nvoid main() \n{\nclrscr();\nint a,b;\ncout<<\u201dEnter value of a and b=\u201d;\ncin>>a>>b;\ncout<<\u201dBefore swapping a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\nswap(a,b);\ncout<<\u201d\\nAfter swapping in main a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\ngetch();\n}\nvoid swap(int x,int y)\n{\nint z;\nz=x;\nx=y;\ny=z;\ncout<<\u201d\\n After swapping in function a=\u201d<<x<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<y;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\nEnter value of a and b= 10<\/p>\n\n\n\n 20<\/p>\n\n\n\n Before swapping a=10 b=20<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in function a= 20 b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in main a=10 b=20<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n Call by Reference \/ Pass by Reference<\/h3>\n\n\n\nIn this type memory address is passed in function’s Argument Implicitly.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Any change made in formal argument is permanent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Q. Write a program to represent call by Reference for swapping of two variables.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n #include<iostream.h>\n#include<conio.h>\nvoid swap(int &,int &);\nvoid main() \n{\nclrscr();\nint a,b;\na=10;\nb=20;\ncout<<\u201dBefore swapping a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\nswap(a,b);\ncout<<\u201d\\nAfter swapping in main a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\ngetch();\n}\nvoid swap(int &x,int &y)\n{\nint z;\nz=x;\nx=y;\ny=z;\ncout<<\u201d\\n After swapping in function a=\u201d<<x<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<y;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\nBefore swapping a=10 b=20<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in function a= 20 b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in main a=20 b=10<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\nOR (Run time)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n#include<iostream.h>\n#include<conio.h>\nvoid swap(int &,int &);\nvoid main() \n{\nclrscr();\nint a,b;\ncout<<\u201dEnter value of a and b=\u201d;\ncin>>a>>b;\ncout<<\u201dBefore swapping a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\nswap(a,b);\ncout<<\u201d\\nAfter swapping in main a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\ngetch();\n}\nvoid swap(int &x,int &y)\n{\nint z;\nz=x;\nx=y;\ny=z;\ncout<<\u201d\\n After swapping in function a=\u201d<<x<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<y;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\nEnter value of a and b= 10<\/p>\n\n\n\n 20<\/p>\n\n\n\n Before swapping a=10 b=20<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in function a= 20 b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in main a=20 b=10<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n Call by Address \/ Pass by Address<\/h3>\n\n\n\nIn this type memory address is passed in function’s Argument Explicitly.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Any change made in formal argument is permanent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Q. Write a program to represent call by Address for swapping of two variables.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n #include<iostream.h>\n#include<conio.h>\nvoid swap(int *, int *);\nvoid main() \n{\nclrscr();\nint a,b;\na=10;\nb=20;\ncout<<\u201dBefore swapping a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\nswap(&a , &b);\ncout<<\u201d\\nAfter swapping in main a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\ngetch();\n}\nvoid swap(int *x , int *y)\n{\nint *z;\n*z=*x;\n*x=*y;\n*y=*z;\ncout<<\u201d\\n After swapping in function a=\u201d<<*x<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<*y;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Before swapping a=10 b=20<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in function a= 20 b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in main a=20 b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n OR (run time)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n #include<iostream.h>\n#include<conio.h>\nvoid swap(int *, int *);\nvoid main() \n{\nclrscr();\nint a,b;\ncout<<\u201dEnter value of a and b=\u201d;\ncin>>a>>b;\ncout<<\u201dBefore swapping a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\nswap(&a , &b);\ncout<<\u201d\\nAfter swapping in main a=\u201d<<a<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<b;\ngetch();\n}\nvoid swap(int *x , int *y)\n{\nint *z;\n*z=*x;\n*x=*y;\n*y=*z;\ncout<<\u201d\\n After swapping in function a=\u201d<<*x<<\u201d\\tb=\u201d<<*y;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\nOutput<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \n\nEnter value of a and b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n 20<\/p>\n\n\n\n Before swapping a=10 b=20<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in function a= 20 b=10<\/p>\n\n\n\n After swapping in main a=20 b=10<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \nFunctions in C++ Programming Language<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Passing arguments in functions means value given to function on which operation is to be performed. There are three ways of passing arguments in functions. 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Call by value \/ Pass by value<\/h3>\n\n\n\nIn this type value is passed in function’s argument and operation is done on formal argument.<\/p>\n\n\n\n